Creatine Monohydrate is usually associated with bodybuilding and explosive movements. It also happens to be a highly effective neuroprotective compound that is proven to maintain and restore cell membranes, reducing Calcium influx post injury, preventing inflammation and glutamate toxicity. We've added creatine to Concussion Pro 1 to help protect your brain pre and post impact.

To view the independent scientific research on Creatine, please click the links below.

IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury: Improving Acute and Subacute Health Outcomes in Military Personnel. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Kreider, R.B., Kalman, D.S., Antonio, J., Ziegenfuss, T.N., Wildman, R., Collins, R., Candow, D.G., Kleiner, S.M., Almada, A.L. and Lopez, H.L., 2017. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), p.18

DHA is an essential Omega 3 fatty acid sourced from fish oil and is key to concussion recovery. It's an integral component of neural membrane phospholipids and the modulation of signal transduction molecules.

Basically, it's the building blocks for new cells in the brain and you likely don't get enough of it in your diet.

To view the independent scientific research on DHA, please click the links below.

Oliver, J.M., Anzalone, A.J. and Turner, S.M., 2018. Protection before impact: the potential neuroprotective role of nutritional supplementation in sports-related head trauma. Sports medicine, pp.1-14.

Barrett, E. C., McBurney, M. I., & Ciappio, E. D. (2014). ω-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation as a Potential Therapeutic Aid for the Recovery from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury/Concussion. Advances in Nutrition, 5(3), 268–277.

Lucke-Wold, B.P., Logsdon, A.F., Nguyen, L., Eltanahay, A., Turner, R.C., Bonasso, P., Knotts, C., Moeck, A., Maroon, J.C., Bailes, J.E. and Rosen, C.L., 2018. Supplements, nutrition, and alternative therapies for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Nutritional neuroscience, 21(2), pp.79-91.

NAC directly combats the chemical damage that's happening in the brain for many hours after a head impact

These mechanisms include glutamatergic excitotoxicity, free-radical injury to cell membranes, electrolyte imbalances, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and secondary ischemia from vasospasm.

To view the independent scientific research on NAC, please click the links below.

Amen DG, Wu JC, Taylor D, Willeumier K. Reversing brain damage in former NFL players: implications for traumatic brain injury and substance abuse rehabilitation. J Psychoactive Drugs (2011) 43(1):1–5.

Hoffer ME, Balaban C, Slade MD, Tsao JW, Hoffer B. Amelioration of acute sequelae of blast induced mild traumatic brain injury by N-acetyl cysteine: a double-blind, placebo controlled study. PLoS One (2013) 8(1):e54163

Comper P, Bisschop SM, Carnide N, Tricco A (2005) A systematic review of treatments for mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 19 ((11)): 863–80.

Co-Enzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that works in a very similar way to NAC and helps the body in aerobic cellular respiration. A process the body uses to generate 95% of all its energry.

In the brain, it prevents mitochondrial injury and apoptosis, or cell death, that can continue for an extended period of many hours after a concussive injury.

To view the independent scientific research on Co-Enzyme Q10, please click the links below.

Hershey AD, Powers SW, Vockell AL, et al. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency and response to supplementation in pediatric and adolescent migraine. Headache. 2007 Jan;47(1):73-80.

Orsucci D, Mancuso M, Ienco EC, LoGerfo A, Siciliano G. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration by means of coenzyme Q10 and its analogues. Curr Med Chem. 2011;18(26):4053-64.

Vitamin D is a neuroprotective compound that up to 70% of atheletes are deficient in.

We have added Vitamin D to the supplement to deal with post concussibe symptoms of inflammation in the brain through inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokine and NFkB pathways.

To view the independent scientific research on Vitamin D, please click the links below.

Wentz, L. M. (2014). Vitamin D Status May Affect Resilience and Recovery from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Military Personnel. Austin Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2(5), 1030

Lucke-Wold, B.P., Logsdon, A.F., Nguyen, L., Eltanahay, A., Turner, R.C., Bonasso, P., Knotts, C., Moeck, A., Maroon, J.C., Bailes, J.E. and Rosen, C.L., 2018. Supplements, nutrition, and alternative therapies for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Nutritional neuroscience, 21(2), pp.79-91.

Kalueff, A.V., Eremin, K.O. and Tuohimaa, P., 2004. Mechanisms of neuroprotective action of vitamin D 3. Biochemistry (Moscow), 69(7), pp.738-741.

Beta Alanine is an amino acid that is a precurser to carnosine, an antioxidant that reduces neurodegeneration that stems from the inflammatory response of head trauma.

Having Beta Alanine in the supplement means that when your brain is injured and swollen, there won't be as much damage happening to your brain cells. Keeping them alive and healthy.

To view the independent scientific research on Beta Alanine, please click the links below.

Hoffman, J.R., Zuckerman, A., Ram, O., Sadot, O., Stout, J.R., Ostfeld, I. and Cohen, H., 2017. Behavioural and inflammatory response in animals exposed to a low-pressure blast wave and supplemented with β-alanine. Amino acids, 49(5), pp.871-886.